Improvement in printing and dyeing cotton, linen



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED PARAF, OF MULHOUSE, FRANCE.

lMPROVEMENT IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON, LINEN, 80C.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 50,885, dated November 7, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known thatI, ALFRED PARAF, of Mulhouse, in the Empire of France, now residing in the city of Manchester, in the county of Lancasterand Kingdom of England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dyeing and Printing; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full and exact description thereofmay be varied as to the kind of acid used or salt of aniline employed, I obtain good results with the following mixtures or proportions.

I prepare or impregnate the cloth or yarn with a mixture of about half an ounce of arsenious acid, five ounces of chlorate of potash,

,and one gallon of boiling water, and then dry the goods without washing. I then print, dye, or pad uponit the mixture of about two pounds of black liquor to one gallon of thickening. The said black liquor consists of one part of muriate aniline (very acid) and one part of hydrofiuosilicic acid at 11 Iwaddle, and boil until itis dissolved. I prepare the hydrofluosilicic acid by decomposing a mixture of sparfluor and sand with sulphuric acid. After printing or dyeing, I age in a damp room at about 90 to 95 heat, till a very dark olive green shade appears, and by passing the goods through any alkaline solution or soap and water the required black is produced.

By this process the following reaction takes place: The fiuosilicic acid from the black liquor forms fluosilicate of potash with the potash of the chlorate, the chloric acid coming free. .One part of that chloric acid goes to the aniline of the chloride of aniline. The other part transforms the chloride of the same salt of aniline in free chlorine 5 and this mixture of chloric acid and free chlorine upon aniline gives the black.

In using the chlorate of potash in the color the cloth or yarn does not require any preparing process; but- I use for one gallon of color two pounds of black liquor to one pound of chlorate of potash.

Or, as another modification of my process, I use fluosilicate of aniline in crystals, which I print upon or mix with a mixture of chlorate and chloride of potash, by which I obtain very good results. I prepare the fiuosilicate of aniline in crytals by bringing to the necessary heat a solution of hydrofluosilicic acid in water at 11 Twaddle, and add to it by degrees as long as it will dissolve any pure aniline. I then cool down and purify the crystals by washing them in cold water. By this reac" tion the fluosilicic acid transforms the mixture of chlorate and chloride of potash into fluosilicate of potash, giving free chlorine and chlorio acid, which forms the black with the aniline of the fluosilicate.

I have another modified process by the action of chlorate of aniline upon free chlorine, in which I prepare the chlorate of aniline by treating fluosilicate ot'aniline with chlorate of potash in excess, it giving fiuosilicate of potash and chlorate of aniline. The cloth or yarn is prepared in a mixture of chloride of magnesium and bisulphate of potash, and the chlorate of aniline printed upon it. By aging the following reaction takes place: The bisulphate of potash transforms the chloride of magnesium into sulphate ofmagnesia and sets the inuriatic acid at liberty, which is transformed into free chlorine by the chloric acid of the chlorate of aniline, and the black is produced by the same means.

The advantages of these improved processes are, first, a more splendid shade than has hitherto been produced 5 secondly, a perfectlyfast color; thirdly, I am able to print with any madder, garancine or alizarine colors, with the advantage of givinga shade of black hitherto unknown, and this without forming any white edges, and by dispensing with the madder the coloring-matter is considerably with advantage for padding in plain blacks. modification thereof.

cheaper fourthly, this process can be used mixture0fthesame,as herein described,0rany Having thus described the nature and par- Dated at Manchester this 20th day of uly, ticulars of my said invention and the manner 1865. of carrying it into practical effect, I desire it Witnesses: ALFRED PARAF.

to be understood that I claim EDWARD J osEPH HUGHES,

- The producing an aniline black upon fabrics JOHN BLOODWORTH,

chlorine upon aniline orits homologues, or any 1 ohester.

0r yarns by the action of chloric acid and free Patent Agents, both of No. 20 Cross Street, Man- 1 

